========================
== Leon Muscat's Blog ==
========================

A pretty good backup solution

· selfhosting

“Data doesn’t exist unless it exists in at least three places.”

This wisdom especially applies to all your selfhosted data. Often as a homelab grows, so does the importance of the data that’s stored within. At least for me that holds true. So, how do I make sure my data is safe?

Requirements

I have the following requirements for my backup solution:

  1. Even if my whole homelab falls apart, I must still have a copy of my data
  2. Rollback should be quick even if one copy is down
  3. I can cherry-pick files to restore

There are only two exceptions to these requirements:

LangGraph parallel tool execution and LLM generation

· LLM LangGraph

Recently, I was working with LangGraph to build a chatbot, and encountered a limitation: You cannot invoke an LLM before completing all open toolcalls.

I found a way to work around that, and I’m sharing my solution since I couldn’t find anything online addressing this issue.

The Problem: Sequential Execution Bottleneck

My chatbot needed to generate charts as part of its reponses. I wanted to have both a chart and an accompaning text by an LLM.

Authentik as Idp

· selfhosting

After my previous post about Mailcow, I want to talk about another piece of my homelab infrastructure: Authentik, my identity provider of choice. I’ll cover why I chose it, how I set it up, and how I’ve integrated it with various services.

Why an identity provider?

Let’s first discuss why you might want a centralized identity provider in your homelab.

The problem with multiple accounts

When you start self-hosting services, each one typically comes with its own authentication system. This quickly becomes unmanageable:

Mailcow With Dynamic IP

· selfhosting email

I’ve been hosting my own email with Mailcow for over 2 years now. I want to go over general considerations when it comes to selfhosting email and the setup I went for.

Motivation

Before we go to the technical bits, let’s first discuss the reasons to selfhost email.

Why you should not selfhost mail

Selfhosting email is quite a daunting task, which is why it’s often not encouraged in selfhosting communities. There are many good reasons for that: